Standards

The cost data in the FM Monitor are based on the SIA d0165 standard and DIN 18960. The types of area are recorded in accordance with SIA 416 and DIN 277 .

Depending on the role model of the operating organisation (owner, tenant / user, service provider), the costs can have different reference variables. From an operational and architectural perspective, these reference values can be differentiated as follows:

• Basic fit-out (at the expense of the landlord)
• Tenant improvement (at the expense of the tenant)

The terms basic and tenant fit-out are not conclusively defined. Within the framework of the FM Monitor, it is assumed that the basic development includes the land, the building including the trades (HVACSE / transport systems), which provide access to the entire building, and the surroundings. As a rule, the basic development is also the operational responsibility of the owner. Costs associated with the operation remain with the owner or are passed on to the tenants / users within the framework of a billing model (ancillary costs). The tenant/user-specific improvements are included in the tenant improvements. These are also the operational responsibility of the owner or the user.

There are differences in role models and charging practices. In Corporate Real Estate Management (CREM), operating costs are not passed on to the users according to uniform standards. In return-oriented real estate management (REIM), however, it is common for the management to prepare a service charge statement.